Avaliação de Inglês - 3º ano Ensino Médio - Com gabarito!!
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Text 1
Famadihana
Famadihana is a funerary tradition of the Malagasy people in Madagascar.
Known as the turning of the bones,
people bring forth the bodies of their ancestors from the family crypts and
rewrap them in fresh cloth, then dance with the corpses around the tomb to live
music.
The Famadihana custom appears to be a custom of somewhat recent origin,
perhaps only since the seventeenth century in its present form, although it may
be an adaptation of premodern double funeral customs from Southeast Asia. The
custom is based upon a belief that the spirits of the dead finally join the
world of the ancestors after the body's complete decomposition and appropriate
ceremonies, which may take many years. In Madagascar this became a regular
ritual usually once every seven years, and the custom brings together extended
families in celebrations of kinship.
The practice of Famadihana is on the decline due to the expense of silk
shrouds and opposition from some Christian organizations. Evangelical
Protestants discourage the custom, although the Catholic Church no longer
objects because it regards Famadihana as purely cultural rather than religious.
As one Malagasy man explained to the BBC, It's important because it's our way
of respecting the dead. It is also a chance for the whole family, from across
the country, to come together.
From
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
1. What
is the belief which the tradition is based upon? (Answer in Portuguese)
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Que os espíritos dos mortos
finalmente se juntam aos seus ancestrais depois de o corpo sofrer total
decomposição e as cerimônias apropriadas são realizadas, o que pode levar
muitos anos.
2. Why
is the practice of the tradition important for the Malagasy people? (Answer
in Portuguese)
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É importante para o povo Malagasy,
pois é uma maneira de demonstrar respeito por seus ancestrais mortos, bem como
uma chance de reunir membros das famílias que vêm de diferentes lugares do
país.
Text 2
Darkly digital
By Christopher
Dickey
Over the past few years as we’ve watched the digital revolution help
bring about political and social revolutions around the world, it has seemed
inevitable that the Internet would set people free. But think again, say Jared
Cohen of the Council on Foreign Relations and Eric Schmidt, the chairman of
Google. Technology doesn’t just help the
good guys pushing for democratic reform, they write in an essay posted on
the council’s website, CFR.org. It can
also provide powerful new tools for dictators to suppress dissent. Western
companies are more than happy to help the tyrants. Everything a regime would need to build an incredibly intimidating
digital police state is commercially
available right now, say Cohen and Schmidt. And this isn’t just about
reading emails, tracking tweets, and checking out Facebook. Soon dictators will
be able to compile vast databases of biometric information: DNA, fingerprints,
voices. Facial-recognition software is growing ever more sophisticated. With cloud computing, say Cohen and
Schmidt, it takes just seconds to compare
millions of faces. Big Brother will start to look like Tiny Tim. Be warned:
By indexing our biometric signatures,
some governments will try to track our every move and word.
Disponible:
3. What
digital ways can a regime use to investigate or learn about someone’s life?
What is coming next, according to the article?
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Reading
e-mails, tracking tweets, and checking out Facebook. Soon dictators will be
able to compile vast databases of biometric information: DNA, fingerprints,
voices. Facial-recognition software is growing ever more sophisticated.
Text 3
According to the most recent trends in foreign language teaching around
the world, there is an implicit assumption that language and culture are
intrinsically connected. The relation between language and culture is
inseparable due to the nature of the following concepts: (a) language exists
inside culture and (b) culture cannot exist without the language it belongs to.
Consequently, the general expectation one might have is that foreign language
teachers should be aware of this connection, and should be prepared to
adequately deal with language and culture in their foreign language classes.
However, this does not seem to be the case. It can be observed that culture is
still not taught appropriately or widely in foreign language classes.
Source: Zilles, J. M. (2006) Networking cultures – Brazilian – Norwegian
Dialogues on Education and Culture. p. 120.
4.
What is the main idea of the text?
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Discuss
a current approach to foreign language teaching taking into consideration the
inseparable connection between language and
Text 4
Thrive
What
makes us happy? It's not wealth, youth, beauty, or intelligence, says Dan
Buettner. In fact, most of us have the keys within our grasp. Circling the
globe to study the world's happiest populations, Buettner has spotted several
common principles that can unlock the doors to true contentment with our lives.
Working
with leading researchers, Buettner identifies the happiest region on each of
four continents. He explores why these populations say they are happier than
anyone else, and what they can teach the rest of us about finding contentment.
His conclusions debunk some commonly believed myths: Are people who have
children happier than those who don't? Not necessarily – in Western societies,
parenthood actually makes the happiness level drop. Is gender equality a
factor? Are the world's happiest places to be found on tropical islands with
beautiful beaches? You may be surprised at what Buettner's research indicates.
Unraveling
the story of each hotspot like a good
mystery, Buettner reveals how he discovered each location and then travels to
meet folks who embody each particular brand of happiness. He introduces
content, thriving people in Denmark, in Singapore, in northeastern Mexico, and
in a composite happiest place in America.
In addition, he interviews economists, psychologists, sociologists, politicians,
writers, and other experts to get at what contributes to each region's
happiness.
Buettner's
findings result in a credible, cross-cultural formula and a practical plan to
help us stack the deck for happiness and get more satisfaction out of life.
According to Buettner's advisory team, the average person can control about
forty percent of his or her individual happiness by optimizing life choices.
These aren't unreasonable demands on a person's lifestyle, and they often
require only slight changes. They fall into three categories that make up the
way we live our lives: the food we eat, the way we exercise, and the social
networks we foster. It's all about nourishing the body and the spirit. Heeding
the secrets of the world's happiness all-stars can help us make the right
choices to find more contentment in our own lives and learn how to thrive.
(Text adapted from the National Geographic) Disponible .
5. The text above is an
overview of the book about the happiest
places on Earth, “Finding happiness the Blue Zone Way” by Dan Buettner.
According to the text, how did the author gather information for his book?
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The author, with
a group of researchers, identified the happiest region on each of four
continents – in the book he reveals how he discovered each location – and then
traveled to meet folks who embody each particular brand of happiness. In
addition, he interviewed economists, psychologists, sociologists, politicians,
writers, and other experts to get at what contributes to each region's
happiness.
6. Read the advertisement below and write a letter which
will be posted on your school blog telling that you went on a scholarship
program. Describe the experience using the information you find in the ad
(where you went, how long you stayed etc.) and express your personal opinion
about having the opportunity to live abroad and improve both your language and
your personal skills. Limit 12 lines.
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WORLD ENGLISHES
The Foundation
The World
Englishes Foundation is a non-profit, humanitarian venture started to
address the linguistic issues of students, teachers and administrators of
English as a Second or Foreign Language throughout the World.
WORLD ENGLISHES promotes diversity.
WORLD ENGLISHES offers courses with diverse durations to everyone who wants to be
part of the new, global way of life, in which computers and the Internet play
a central role. Knowledge of English can bring educational advancement and
economic improvement, and will empower people everywhere by opening up new
opportunities and new ways of communicating. The World Englishes Foundation is offering scholarships for Brazilian
students to study English in various institutions around the world. These
institutions are located in Africa, India, China, Italy, Pakistan, New
Zealand and Singapore. You will study in one of these countries and
accommodations are provided by the foundation in family houses or dorms at
some affiliated colleges.
For more information:
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WONDERFUL!
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