Atividade de leitura e interpretação de texto em inglês - 3º Ano do Ensino Médio

What's a computer?

Short Answer: A computer is a collection of electrical and mechanical devices that can accept input via input devices and can provide output via output devices.

Long Answer: A computer is a collection of electrical and mechanical devices that can accept human or electro-mechanical input via input devices and can provide visual, auditory and kinetic output via output devices.

·         Human input is generally provided by moving and clicking buttons on a mouse, from pressing keys on a keyboard, writing on an electronic tablet, touching the screen or with spoken commands. Electro-mechanical input can come from a variety of data storage devices or from another, attached computer.

·         Visual output is typically displayed on a monitor while audible output is played through speakers, while an example of kinetic output might be back pressure from a joystick.

·         The mouse, keyboard, monitor and speakers are all connected to IO (Input/Output) ports on the computer.

A computer is as stupid as a stone and has no more value than a stone without an operating system and programs.

Computer

A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format.

While a computer can, in theory, be made out of almost anything, and mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). Originally, they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and can be powered by a small battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.

Misconceptions

A computer does not need to be electric, nor even have a processor, nor RAM, nor even hard disk. The minimal definition of a computer is anything that transforms information in a purposeful way.

History of computing

The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.

Vocabulary

Devices – dispositivos                     kinetic –cinético                   provide – fornecer

Store – armazenar                          attached – anexado            ports – portas

Capable – capaz                               However – no entanto         embedded – incorporado

Aircraft – aeronaves                                  onwards – a partir               fit – Caber, ajustar

1-    Faça um pequeno resumo do assunto tratado pelos dois textos acima.

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2-    De acordo com o texto dê a definição de:

a)    Human input: ________________________________________________________________________

b)    Visual output: ________________________________________________________________________

c)    Audible output: ______________________________________________________________________

3-    De acordo com o segundo texto (Computer) o que é um computador?

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4-    Quando foram desenvolvidos os primeiros computadores?Como eles eram?

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5-    Como são os computadores atualmente?

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6-    Quais as concepções errôneas que temos a respeito dos computadores?

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7-    Retire do texto palavras que contenham prefixos ou sufixos e dê seu significado.

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8-    Retire do texto frases com diferentes tempos verbais.

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9-    Retire do texto alguns cognatos e falsos cognatos.

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10- Retire do texto verbos regulares e  irregulares no Simple past.

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Reescreva as frases de acordo com as instruções.

a)    She needs a computer to do her homework.(negative)

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b)    My father bought a new printer.(interrogative)

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c)    I wrote a letter last night. (negative)

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d)    They are working for a long time in that company.(negative)

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e)    She is going  to see the film.(interrogative)

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