Atividades sobre part of speech

REPORTED SPEECH

Quando falamos o que disse, conta, pedi, pergunta um a outra pessoa existe duas maneiras:

O discurso direto em inglês, chamado de direct speech – repete-se ao pé da letra a fala da pessoa. Consiste em períodos simples.

O discurso indireto em inglês, chamado de indirect speech ou reported speech – relata-se com as nossas palavras o que a pessoa falou. Consiste em período composto.

Exemplo:

Direct Speech
- Kitty said, I’m very happy. (Kitty disse, eu estou muito feliz.)

Indirect Speech
- Kitty said that she was very happy. (Kitty disse que estava muito feliz.)

Algumas sugestões que devem ser usadas para a transformação e formação dos discursos diretos e indiretos:

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
Simple present	Simple past
Simple past	Past perfect
Present perfect	Past perfect
Simple future	Conditional
Imperative	Infinitive

Exemplos:
Mary said, I study every day. (simple present)
Mary disse, estudo todo dia.

Mary said (that) she studied every Day. (simple past)
Mary disse que estudava todo dia.

Susan said, I studied yesterday. (simple past)
Susan disse, (eu) estudei ontem.

Susan said (that) she had studied the day before. (past perfect)
Susan disse que tinha estudado no dia anterior.

Leo said, I have studied. (present perfect)
Leo disse, eu tenho estudado.

Tobby said, I will study tomorrow. (simple future)
Tobby disse, estudarei amanhã.

Tobby said (that) he would study in the following day. (conditional)
Tobby disse que estudaria no dia seguinte.

Carol said to him, study hard. (imperative)
Carol disse a ele, estude bastante.

Carol told him to study hard. (infinitive)
Carol disse a ele para estudar bastante.

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
Can	Could
May	Might
Must	Had to
Should	Should
Ought	Ought

Liz said, I can go. / Liz said (that) she could go.

Jane said, I may go. / Jane said (that) she might go.

Paul said, I must go. / Paul said (that) he had to go.

John said, I should go. / John said (that) he should go.

She said, I ought to go. / She said (that) she ought go.

Existem ainda outras modificações feitas em algumas palavras quando se passa a frase do discurso direto para o indireto. Confira:

Direct speech	Indirect speech
Today	That day
Yesterday	The day before
Last night	The night before
Now	Then
Here	There
Tomorrow	The next day
This	That (quando em expressão de tempo)
This, that	The (quando adjetivos)
This, these	It, them (quando pronomes)

1.     UFSC adaptado – Investment in education is essential to improve the quality of life where people face major social problems. Read the text about a non-governmental initiative on the matter, the Living Library project.

The Living Library

1.      From the mid 40's to the 70's, many big cities in Brazil expanded because of internal migrations. During those years, with the intensification of social problems, many non-governmental organizations were created and many existing Community Centers increased their activities to provide non-formal education for children and adolescents after school hours.

2.      The Living Library is a two-year project that aims at making the act of reading and writing as an everyday activity for poor children and their teachers. This would mean fewer failures in elementary school and more children learning about their reality and how to change it. These libraries are being implanted in Community Centers in charge of children and adolescents living in the poor districts of the peripheral area of the big cities, where huge slums and acute social problems are concentrated. To achieve its objective the Project team provides personal development for the community teachers by preparing them to work with books and reading activities in the context of poverty and deprivation of their institutions. Each library is unique, taking into account the needs and the culture of the community where it is located.

3.      Forty-four institutions took part in the selective process. Among those, 10 were chosen to receive the library: two in Brasília and eight in São Paulo. Fourteen community teachers went through a 44 hour training program. The first 10 libraries received 4,000 books directly benefiting 2,500 children and adolescents.

4. The first 10 libraries were implanted and are open to the community. They attend institutions that look after street children from slums in the suburbs, children living in poor houses downtown, children living in shelters, who have no parents or are temporarily separated from them.

Disponível em: http://www.unesco.org Acesso em: 19 mar. 2013. (Adaptado)

 Select the correct proposition, according to the text.

a)      Internal migration is a phenomenon still happening in Brazil.

b)      The activities developed by the “Living Library” happen during school hours.

c)      Community leaders receive special training in order to work in the Project.

d)      The “Living Library” is a project intended to exist permanently.

e)      Children taking part in the Project have a chance to perform better at school.

2. The previous text gives information about the “Living Library” project. Select the correct proposition according to the text.

a) its cost

b) its objective

c) its director

d) its size

e) its disadvantage

3. UEL-PR adaptado

Briefly international

Paris

Diana photographers are put on Trial again

A French court held a new Trial on Tuesday of three photographers who took pictures of Princess Diana and her friend, Dodi al Fayed, just before and their fatal car crash in Paris in August, 1997.

The appeal court quickly adjourned and was expected to make a ruling on September 14 on charges of violating privacy laws.

Only one of the photographers was present in court. Jacques Langevin, Christian Martinez and Eric Chassery were acquitted seven months ago of breaking privacy laws, an offense punishable by up to a year in prison. But Dodi’s father, Mohamed al Fayed, and state prosecutors appealed the verdict.

Mohamed al Fayed, owner of the London store Harrods, wants the paparazzi punished.

INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE. Wed. Jun. 23, 2004.

 The text addresses an appeal against a court decision filed by

a) Princess Diana and Dodi al Fayed. 

b) Mohamed al Fayed and state prosecutors.

c) Jacques Langevin, Christian Martinez and Eric Chassery.

d) French court and London Harrods.

e) Photographers known around the world as paparazzi.

5. Unscramble the words to make reported speech sentences for the dialogue that follows.

Monica: Can you go out tonight?

Fred: I have to study tonight.

Monica: I’m going to study in the afternoon.

Fred: I have English class this afternoon.

Monica: Ok, we can go some other time.

a) Fred / go / Monica / he / asked / out / if / night / could / that

_________________________________________________________________________

b) he / to / Fred / night / said / that / study / had

_________________________________________________________________________

c) was / afternoon / him / going / Monica / she / to / the / in / study / told

_________________________________________________________________________

6- Rewrite the sentences using the reported speech:

a) My sister said I’m going to join the gym next week…

_______________________________________________________________________

b) Claire said I’ve been so silly

_______________________________________________________________________

c) My neighbour said I’ll get a dog this morning

_______________________________________________________________________

d) The flight attendant said you look familiar.

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7- REESCREVA O DIÁLOGO NO DISCURSO INDIRETO FAZENDO AS ALTERAÇÕES NECESSÁRIAS.

BILL: What are you listening to?

LUCY: I'm listening to the radio.

BILL: I know that. Who are they playing?

LUCY: Guess.

BILL: I think that's the Beatles, right?

LUCY: That's right. How did you know that?

BILL: In my country everyone knows who they are. They're famous.

LUCY: Really?

BILL: Of course. My parents saw them at a concert a long time ago.

LUCY: Did you know that they're from England?

BILL: Yes, of course.

LUCY: What kind of music do you usually listen to?

BILL: I listen to everything, but my favorite is Pop.

LUCY: I see. Who's your favorite singer?

BILL: Celine Dion.

LUCY: I like her too. She's got a great voice.

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McDonald’s a story of success

Ray Kroc mortgaged his home and invested his entire life savings to become the exclusive distributor of milkshake maker called Multimixer.

         One day he heard that a hamburger stand in San Bernardino, California, was using eight multimixers at the same time. He thought he’d better go and see what was happening. So he packed his car, left Des Plaines, Illinois, and headed to west. It was 1954. Ray was 52 years old.

         When he arrived in San Bernardino he was surprised. “I have never seen so many people served so quickly,” he said to the owners of the place – brothers Dick and McDonald.

         “If you open several restaurants like this, I can sell eight Multimixers to each one”, he said to the McDonalds.

“Yes but we don’t have the money to do it. Who can open the restaurants for us?”Dick asked.

“Well”, Ray answered, “what about me?”

ü 1955 -  Ray opened the first McDonald’s franchise in Des Plaines, Illinois.

ü 1958 – Dick and Mac sold the restaurants and the right to use the name McDonald’s to Ray.

ü 1960 – There were more than 100 MacDonald’s restaurants in the USA.

ü 1968 – Jim Delligatti, one of the first franchises who, by the end of the 1960’s, operated a dozen stores in Pittsburgh, Pennylvania, created the Big Mac.

ü 1979 – The first McDonald’s restaurants in Brazil was opened in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro.

ü 2000 – McDonald’s opened the 500th Brazilian restaurant in Porto Seguro, Bahia, to celebrate Brazil’s 500th anniversary.

ü 2001 – There were more than 28.000 McDonald’s restaurants serving more than 43 million people a day in 120 countries.

Source: www.mcdonalds.com

Vocabulary:

Become: tornar-se                    Dozen: dúzia                            franchise: franquia

Head: dirigir-se                        mortagage: hipotecar                owner: proprietário

Right: direito                           savings: poupança                     store: loja

1-    Put the sentences in order:

(   ) Os irmãos venderam o direito de uso de seu nome.

(   ) Ray visitou a lanchonete em San Bernardino.

(   ) Foi aberto o McDonald’s de Porto Seguro.

(   ) Ray abriu o primeiro McDonald’s fora da Califórnia.

(   ) Foi criado o sanduiche Big Mac.

Check the correct alternative.

2- Ray   Kroc

a)    Lived in San Bernardino, California.

b)    Was 54 years old in 1952.

c)    Had a car.

d)    Was the owner of a hamburger stand.

3- Multimixer

a)    Was the name of a milkshake

b)    Was a machine used in hamburger stands.

c)    Was the name of a hamburger stand.

d)    Was a machine that made eight milk shakes at the same time.

4-        Ray Kroc wanted to open several restaurants because

a)    He wanted to sell more milk shake makers.

b)    He wanted to live in San Bernardino.

c)    He wanted to see many people served quickly.

d)    He wanted to make milk shakes.

5-        Supply the correct form of the verb.

a)    I said, “I don’t feel well today

I said that I _______________ well that day.

b)    Mother said, “The girls are playing in the park.

Mother said that the girls _________________in the park.

c)    She said, “I will be your new teacher”.

She said that she _____________________ my/our new teacher.

d)    George said, “I read the newspaper yesterday”.

George said that he ________________ the newspaper the day before.

e)    My father said, “I will be working tomorrow.”

My father said that he __________________ the next day.

6-        Put the sentences into the indirect speech.

a)    Harold said, “I am studying Biology now.

_________________________________________________________________________

b)    The driver said, “I will reach New York next Friday”.

_________________________________________________________________________

c)    They said, “We want to swim now”.

_________________________________________________________________________

d)    He said, “I saw her last night”.

_________________________________________________________________________

e)    Jane said, “Joe didn’t lend me his book this morning”.

_________________________________________________________________________

f)     Cecilia said, “you have to help me today”.

_________________________________________________________________________

7 – Put the sentences into the direct speech.

a)    Julie said that she would receive a letter from her brother.

_________________________________________________________________________

b)    James said that I had to see his work that day.

_________________________________________________________________________

c)    They said that they were studying history then.

_________________________________________________________________________

d)    Terry told the boys not to play there.

_________________________________________________________________________

e)    I asked Jane if she was going to school.

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f)     Tom asked me why I would write the letter.

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8- Check the correct transformation.

1-    They said to me, “help us”.

a)    They asked me to help them.

b)    They asked me “Help them”.

2-    Mother said, “Where  did Lucy go”.

a)    Mother asked me where Lucy went.

b)    Mother asked where Lucy had gone.

3-    Bob said, “What time is it?

a)    Bob asked what time was it.

b)    Bob asked what time it was.

4-    Karen said to me, “Who have you seen?”

a)    Karen asked me who I had seen.

b)    Karen told me who I saw.

5-    Glenn said to his father, “Can I go out?”

a)    Glenn asked his father if he could go out.

b)    Glenn told his father that he could go out.